Who would have thought that such a small ingredient could have such a big history? Brewer's yeast – essential to the fermentation process and essential to the taste and character of beer – is not just a technical element in any brewer's recipe, but an ingredient without which beer would not exist. It is a true force of nature, with a story that begins thousands of years ago and with benefits that go far beyond the beer in the glass. In today's article, we delve into the fascinating past of brewer's yeast, talk about its role in craft beer production and discover what makes it so valuable in terms of nutrition.

What is brewer's yeast and how is it obtained?

Brewer's yeast is a single-celled microorganism of the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae , a microscopic fungus with an essential role in the fermentation process – whether we're talking about beer, wine or bread. What makes it special is its ability to transform sugars into compounds that directly impact the taste, texture and composition of the final product.

For use in food or nutritional purposes, yeast is grown on sugar-rich media, most commonly molasses. Under controlled conditions of temperature, oxygen and humidity, the yeast cells multiply rapidly. The resulting biomass is then separated, purified and processed into the desired form:

• Dry brewer's yeast is obtained by dehydration and is available in the form of flakes, powder or tablets.

• Liquid yeast It contains living cells suspended in an aqueous medium and is often preferred in artisanal processes due to its high fermentative activity.

• Inactive (non-viable) yeast is obtained through heat treatment and is used exclusively as a food supplement, without fermentation capacity.

In addition to its technological role in beer production, brewer's yeast is also valued for its rich nutritional profile , containing B vitamins, minerals such as selenium and zinc, proteins and essential amino acids. That is why its use has long gone beyond the boundaries of the brewing industry, becoming a valuable ingredient in human nutrition as well.

The history of brewer's yeast: from antiquity to the present day

The use of brewer's yeast has a long history, dating back to ancient times. Archaeologists have found evidence of the production of beer fermented with brewer's yeast as early as 6000 BC in Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt. In Ancient Egypt, brewer's yeast was important not only for brewing beer, but also in food, being used in the preparation of bread.

Although it has been used empirically for millennia, the exact nature of yeast remained unknown until the 19th century. In 1857, Louis Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation is a biological process carried out by living microorganisms, namely yeasts. Another important discovery occurred in 1898, when engineer Wolfgang Schulze observed the fluorescent properties of brewer's yeast , which allowed for in-depth study of its composition and nutritional benefits.

In the 20th century, brewer's yeast also began to be appreciated as a valuable nutritional supplement. Researchers identified its rich content of B vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids. Today, due to its complex nutritional profile, brewer's yeast is considered a "superfood" and is consumed as a dietary supplement for its benefits.

The role of yeast in craft beer production

When we think of beer, we instinctively think of malt , hops and water. But the real magic happens when yeast comes into play. Without it, beer would not exist. Yeast is responsible not only for the alcohol, but also for a significant part of the aroma, texture and personality. In craft beers, where every detail counts, yeast plays a leading role in the orchestra of taste.

From sugar to beer: the fermentation reaction

In short, yeast is a living microorganism that consumes the sugars in beer wort (made from malt) and converts them into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a complex variety of aromatic compounds. This reaction, called alcoholic fermentation , is essential for creating beer, as well as for its distinctive texture and slightly effervescent feel.

Depending on the type of yeast used, brewers can control not only the alcohol level, but also the aromatic notes – from fruity and spicy, to slightly tart or even rustic flavors.

Ale vs. lager yeasts

There are two broad categories of yeasts used in beer:

• Ale yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) – ferment at higher temperatures (15–24°C), producing a rich aromatic profile with fruity and spicy notes. They are typical of IPA , stout, saison or weissbier beers.

• Lager yeasts (Saccharomyces pastorianus) – ferment at lower temperatures (7–13°C), resulting in cleaner beers with a balanced taste and fewer aromatic esters. Found in lagers, pilsners or helles.

Yeast aromas: the signature of the style

In craft beers, yeast is not just a technical “executor” – it is a flavor creator . It can generate:

• Esters – compounds that give flavors of banana, pear, green apple or tropical fruit.

• Phenolics – with notes of cloves, pepper, smoke or spices.

• Higher alcohols – contribute to body and can give a slight warming sensation.

• Acids and aldehydes – in controlled doses, they can bring pleasant acidity or wine-like notes.

In commercial beers, these flavors are often reduced to create a “neutral” and predictable profile. In craft beers, however, these nuances are what make the difference between a good beer and a memorable one, with yeast contributing alongside hops and malt to a complete experience.

Fermentation as a living process

Fermentation is, in fact, a collaboration. The brewer controls the temperature, time, oxygenation, and conditions in which the yeast works – but it is the yeast that “decides” how successful the batch will be. Depending on the style, a beer can ferment for anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. Some beers are aged for additional time, allowing the yeast to continue its aromatic transformations discreetly.

At Zăganu , we treat yeast with respect – it’s part of the team. We’re not just interested in making alcohol, but in getting the best out of each yeast strain, depending on the style of beer.

Yeast culture – a sign of authentic craft beer

One detail that differentiates craft beer from industrial beer is that craft brewers choose yeast strains with personality . Sometimes they even grow their own cultures, adapted to the style of the house. Depending on the origin (Belgian, German, British, etc.), yeasts can have completely different behaviors.

Thus, a Romanian IPA with a British yeast will be completely different from an American IPA with a Vermont yeast, say. And this is good news: each batch can tell a different story.

Composition and nutritional properties of brewer's yeast

Brewer's yeast is recognized for its high nutritional value, being a natural source of proteins, vitamins, minerals and other compounds essential for the optimal functioning of the body. Due to this composition, it is frequently used as a dietary supplement, especially by people following a vegetarian or vegan diet. ( Btw, all Zăganu beers are certified as vegan products. 😉)

Important nutrients in brewer's yeast include:

• High-quality proteins – represent 40-50% of dry weight, providing essential amino acids.

• B complex vitamins (especially in active form):

• up to 90% of the daily dose of riboflavin (B2) ,

• about 80% of thiamine (B1) ,

• around 50% of niacin (B3) ,

• folic acid , biotin , pantothenic acid – in significant quantities.

• Essential minerals :

• Chromium – contributes to blood sugar regulation,

• Selenium – has strong antioxidant action,

• Zinc – supports immunity and cell regeneration,

• Iron – essential in the formation of hemoglobin.

• Dietary fiber , especially beta-glucans – helps with digestion, reduces cholesterol, and can regulate blood sugar.

• Bioactive compounds such as:

• Glutathione and

• Coenzyme Q10 – with antioxidant and cell protective role.

This nutritional density makes brewer's yeast not only an essential ingredient in the food and beverage industry, but also a valuable ally for maintaining health, especially during periods of effort, stress, or restrictive diet.

Health benefits of brewer's yeast

Due to its composition rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins and fiber, brewer's yeast is considered a true ally of health, with beneficial effects on several body systems.

The main benefits include:

• Supporting the immune system

• the content of selenium and beta-glucans stimulates the activity of immune cells, helping the body defend itself more effectively against infections;

• Regular consumption can reduce the frequency and severity of respiratory infections .

• Balancing intestinal flora and supporting digestion

• brewer's yeast acts as a natural probiotic , supporting the development of beneficial bacteria in the intestine;

• It can help relieve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea .

• Reducing fatigue and supporting energy metabolism

• B complex vitamins support the transformation of nutrients into energy;

• helps reduce fatigue and improve concentration and physical/mental performance .

• Cardiovascular health and blood sugar control

• helps lower LDL ("bad") cholesterol and increase HDL ("good") ;

• Chromium helps maintain stable blood sugar levels , being useful in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

• Improving the appearance of skin, hair and nails

• The richness of biotin and B vitamins supports hair growth , strengthens nails and reduces acne .

For those who don't appreciate the specific taste, brewer's yeast is also available in capsule or tablet form , offering a convenient and effective method of supplementation. Thus, it can be easily integrated into the daily routine, regardless of lifestyle.

Alternative uses of brewer's yeast

Brewer's yeast is best known for its essential role in beer production, but its nutritional properties make it suitable for a wide range of alternative uses. From dietary supplements to personal care products and vegan nutrition, this versatile and valuable ingredient has multiple benefits beyond the pint of beer.

1. Natural food supplement

Due to its high content of B-complex vitamins , minerals (especially selenium, chromium, zinc, and iron), protein , and essential amino acids , brewer's yeast is often used as a nutritional supplement.

• It is found in the form of tablets , powder or flakes , making it easy to integrate into the diet.

• It is recommended during periods of fatigue , stress , increased physical or intellectual effort , but also to support the immune system.

• Athletes, students, and people who follow an unbalanced diet can benefit from its nutritional intake.

2. Ally in vegetarian and vegan nutrition

For those who exclude animal products, brewer's yeast can be an excellent source of:

• B vitamins , especially B1, B2, B3 and folic acid;

• Complete , easily digestible proteins ;

• Iron and zinc , two essential nutrients often deficient in plant-based diets.

There are also varieties of brewer's yeast enriched with vitamin B12 , an essential vitamin that is not found naturally in plant-based foods.

Inactive yeast flakes have a slight cheesy taste, which is why they are frequently used in vegan recipes, as a pasta topping, in sauces, or as an alternative to Parmesan.

3. Ingredients in cosmetics and natural care

The beneficial properties of brewer's yeast on the skin, hair, and nails have been harnessed in natural cosmetic remedies .

• Brewer's yeast masks can:

• purifies oily and acne-prone skin;

• regulate sebum and reduce the appearance of enlarged pores;

• tones the skin and restores brightness to tired complexions.

• In hair care, yeast:

• stimulates the growth of new hair ;

• prevents hair loss ;

• strengthens the hair thanks to its biotin and protein content.

It can be used in the form of face and hair masks , prepared at home, by mixing yeast powder with ingredients such as vegetable yogurt, clay, honey, or cold-pressed oils.

The essential role of yeast in craft beer production

Brewer's yeast is more than just a technological ingredient – ​​it's the living heart of every batch of craft beer . Through fermentation, yeast creates the magic , transforming sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide, but more importantly, it creates a complex array of flavors and textures that define the unique character of each beer. In craft brewing, where every detail counts, choosing the right yeast strain and carefully controlling the fermentation process are crucial to achieving a product with personality, authenticity and memory.

This "living being" in the brewing process influences not only the taste and smell of the beer, but also the sensation it leaves with each sip. Yeast is thus an indispensable partner of the craft brewer, and respect and care for it are reflected in the quality and authenticity of the beer.

If you want to enjoy the true taste of Romanian craft beer, discover the Zăganu beer collection . Each bottle carries with it the passion for natural ingredients, including carefully selected yeast, and respect for tradition. Enjoy the 12 Zăganu beers, made with 7 types of yeast, and let yourself be carried away by the authentic flavor of beer made with soul!

We are waiting for you to discover them all on draft at our bar on Calea Victoriei no. 91 - 93 .

Cheers! 🍻